Rehabilitation cognition is a specialized field of research and clinical practice dedicated to understanding and addressing cognitive impairments arising from neurological conditions, injury, or disease, and developing evidence-based interventions aimed at restoring, compensating for, or adapting to these deficits to optimize functional recovery and participation in daily life. It investigates the mechanisms of cognitive plasticity and learning in the context of recovery, and evaluates the efficacy of various therapeutic approaches on memory, attention, executive functions, and other cognitive domains to improve rehabilitation outcomes.